What is the condition in which certain colors are diminished as depth increases called?

The condition in which certain colors are diminished as depth increases is known as absorption. As light penetrates water, different wavelengths of light are absorbed at different rates. For instance, red light is absorbed first, typically within the first few meters of water, while blue light can penetrate much deeper. This phenomenon is crucial for divers to understand because it affects visibility and color perception underwater.

The other options, while related to light and visibility, do not specifically address the change in color due to depth. Refraction refers to the bending of light as it passes through different mediums, turbidity involves the cloudiness or haziness of water due to suspended particles, and diffusion relates to the spreading of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. None of these concepts directly explain how colors diminish at greater depths as absorption does.